LOW-PROFILE ANTENNA ARRAY FOR A BASE STATION
Abstract
The design of a low-profile antenna array for a base station is considered. The main part of the design is a square dipole array, which is thickened vibrators. The design uses a balun in the form of a snake, which provides the formation of transmission lines and support for radiators with a square contour. The improvement of the operating frequency band and the reduction of the height were achieved by placing a dielectric material with εr = 2, tan(δ) = 0.002 directly between the dipole and the ground, the electrical thickness of which was 0.16λ at the central frequency of the operating wavelength range. The results of a numerical study of the characteristics of an elementary cell of an antenna array with periodic boundary conditions on the edges in the ANSYS HFSS software are presented. VSWR of antenna elements and prototype element Kathrein 739622 are shown. The dependence of VSWR of antenna element on frequency at different values of dipole radius is shown. The influence of balun size on characteristics of antenna array element is investigated. It was established by calculation that the choice of the dipole radius shortens the dipole by 1.5 times, and the choice of the size of the “Snake” shaped balun ensures a lower antenna height, without deteriorating the antenna’s characteristics. Radiation patterns in horizontal and vertical planes are shown. Based on the proposed element, models of finite antenna arrays are developed. This antenna usually consists of a row of 4 identical elements installed along a vertical line to form an antenna array. VSWR and gain of antenna array and also radiation patterns in the horizontal and vertical planes at different frequencies are shown. The results show that due to the proposed original idea of transforming a rectilinear balun into a curvilinear one in the form of a "snake" and thickened vibrators, it was possible to obtain a design of a basic cellular communication emitter of 1.5 times smaller dimensions, compared to those antennas used in practice in Kathrein 739622 with good characteristics
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