No. 2 (2019)

The paper discusses one of the important clasess of discrete optimization problems, combina-torial and logical problems on graphs. These problems belong to the class of NP-hard and NP-difficult optimization problems. The paper describes the partitioning optimization problem and the problem statement. To effectively solve this problem, the authors propose a new “search-evolution” strategy. On the basis of this strategy, a new search architecture based on a multi-level approach has been proposed. The principal difference of the proposed approach is the division of the search into two stages and the use of different methods at each stage. At the first stage, cluster selection is pro-posed. At the second stage, a genetic algorithm was proposed as an optimization method, which al-lows for efficient rearrangement of the constructed clusters. Based on the proposed architecture, a two-level algorithm has been developed that allows parallelizing the search process and obtaining sets of optimal and quasi-optimal solutions in a time comparable to iterative algorithms. The devel-oped algorithm has been implemented in the C # programming language. Two types of computational experiments have been conducted on benchmarks. This is a division of the graph into 4 and 8 parts.The results of the research show that the developed approach allows you to get more effective solu-tions, because obtained results are on average 5 % better than the partitions obtained using the well-known HMetis PGA Complex algorithms, which indicates the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Time complexity lies within – .

The paper is devoted to solving the task of acquiring new knowledge and revealing new dependencies on the basis of classification and further integration of information resources for the purpose of improving the effectiveness of the information processes. The relevance is justified by the significant growth of generated, transferred and processed information in business, science and the society development. The paper considers the main problems of the effective using of information resources and information processing to determine the direction of problem solving. The authors analyzed the main aspects of integrating of information in the information systems, the present state of art in the field of classification and the application of such bioinspired algorithms as artificial bee colony, ant colony, artificial immune system, particle swarm, etc.

The paper proposes to perform the preliminary classification of the information resources to improve the process of their integration. The authors used the ontological models to represent the information resources. The paper presents the abstract model of solving the task of the information resources classification on the basis of representing the integration as mapping of the ontologies. To classify the ontologies, we propose two criteria of semantic similarity between the ontologies: equivalence and hierarchy. The paper describes the problem statement and the fitness functions. To solve the classification task in accordance with two criteria, we developed a two-level bagging architecture of bioinspired algorithms composition. The task is solved in terms of parallel using of several algorithms simultaneously. The authors developed a bioinspired algorithm based on the firefly swarm behavior in nature to be used in the two-level bagging architecture. The paper presents the schemes and the rules of encoding the decisions for bioinspired algorithm in terms of two levels of bagging. To estimate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, we developed a software and carried out a set of experiments on the basis of different number of the object of information resources. The criteria of effectiveness is the degree of semantic similarity between the concepts of ontologies, classified as equivalent and similar. The experiments were to compare the firefly algorithm with the greedy algorithm, which works directly with the developed rules. The results have shown that the proposed algorithm can give the effective decisions with the time complexity of O(tn²).

The paper deals with the problem of solving the problem of placement in the design of electronic equipment. The task belongs to the class NP-complete and for it there is no exact polynomial algorithm. The purpose of this work is to find ways to optimize the planning of the placement of VLSI using a modified genetic algorithm. The relevance of the work lies in the fact that the modified genetic algorithm used allows to improve the quality of placement planning. Scientific novelty is the development of a modified genetic algorithm. The modified genetic algorithm uses knowledge about the problem being solved, which makes it possible to quickly obtain effective local solutions. The statement of the problem in this paper is as follows: to optimize the placement of the VLSI by applying the genetic algorithm, to minimize empty space, thereby reducing the size of the site for placement. The principal difference from the known algorithms in the use of new genetic operators: segregation, cross-switching. The results of the work are confirmed by an experiment conducted on test functions for optimization algorithms. Based on the experiments performed, it should be noted that such an algorithm has the best performance when optimizing the VLSI layout. The placement area decreased from 9.14 μm2 to 7.56 μm2. The practical applicability of this algorithm is relevant in search and optimization problems.

Keywords - genetic algorithm, placement of VLSI elements, optimization, segregation operator, crossmutation operator.

The work is related to solving the problem of personalizing Internet resources in order to increase the efficiency of organization and maintenance of psychologically safe user behavior in the Internet space. This problem is of particular relevance for the field of online education in the context of the continuous growth of the number of educational Internet resources and services, the development of content, which has a victimic effect on the moral and ethical aspects of the stu-dent's personality. Among the most promising approaches to its solution, currently stands out an approach that is based on predicting user preferences for generating content that meets their in-terests and expectations. In order to efficiently extract and process data, as well as to identify patterns that allow conclusions (predictions) to be made about specific user preferences, data mining and machine learning methods are used. The article proposes a method for predicting the preferences of the subject of training in intelligent assistant systems for generating recommenda-tions and personalizing educational content and services. The principal difference of the proposed method is the transition from personal recommendations to group based on methods of collabora-tive filtering of users with similar preferences. To formulate recommendations, a preference eval-uation model has been developed, based on the combined use of Item-Item CF and User-User CF methods, which will solve the cold start problem and improve the quality of recommendations for users with similar interests and behavior characteristics. Evaluation of forecasting is associated with a large dimension of the parameters of the learning model. To reduce the dimension of the search space preferences from a large amount of implicit data about user activity and improve the accuracy of the forecast, a bioinspired fish school search algorithm has been developed that is distinguished by scalability and the ability to process sparse data. Experimental studies of the efficiency of the algorithm were carried out on MovieLens test data and confirmed the high gener-alizing ability and accuracy of forecasting preferences.

In the paper the author considers applicability of a “pipeline-in-pipeline” method for the tasks of network data flow real-time processing. Owing to the method, it is possible to minimize hardware costs, if recursive algorithms are used: for example, for tasks of encryption or reduc-tion of network traffic. In this case, new data cannot be processed, until the result of previous data processing is received. The classical solution implies concurrent use of several devices, each of which processes its own dataflow independently. The “pipeline-in-pipeline” method allows using a single device for processing, which receives independent data from concurrent flows. However, such solution is efficient only for network packets of the same size. We have suggested a modification of the method, which can provide real-time processing of different size data packets. Network data transfer protocols require keeping of packets sequence order. A standard solution implies use of a dispatcher, which optimizes filling of input data buffers and additional buffers after the processing device, synchronizing the packets. For reduction of hardware costs, we have suggested an alternative solution, which implies use of the same memory for initial and processed data. Network packets are sent to special blocks, which areconnected sequentially and which consist of dual-port memory and a unit of data flows and memory state control. We also suggest using of reserve units to exclude the situation of memory overflow. We have estimated the minimum hardware costs of FPGA for the tasks of network packets processing with the help of recursive algorithms at the rate of 10 Gb/sec. Analysis of results has proved efficiency of the suggested method in comparison with existing solutions. So, it is possible to increase the maximum data processing rate in more than 2.5 times for the speci-fied hardware recourse. We recommend to use the suggested modification of the “pipeline-in-pipeline” method for tasks of data encryption and reduction in high-speed computer networks.

In this paper, distributed approaches are used to solve optimization problems based on the use of bioinspired algorithms. The use of this class of algorithms is due to the possibility of decomposition of coded solutions for independent subsets and their processing in separate streams. One of the main problems with this approach is the implementation of decomposition and the adoption of final decisions. When multiple levels of decomposition of existing tasks are required. From the point of view of computational power, simultaneous processing requires considerable resources of processor time and RAM. All these compute nodes interact through network interfaces. This article proposes the implementation of a distributed subsystem of solutions of NP-complete optimization problems, which allows you to automatically break a lot of input data into a subset, distribute subtasks between computational nodes, and collect the results of solutions in solving the original problem. The paper presents the overall architecture of the future subsystem, component models of input data processing and interaction with each other. To confirm the performance of the subsystem, software implementations in the Java programming language and the message broker RabbitMQ were developed to ensure the interaction of software agents with each other. A series of experiments were conducted, in the course of which simultaneous tasks were performed.

A vector model of the current and predictive assessment of the state of a set of parameters of a technical object is developed. The evaluation method is based on the developed model and is intended for use in microprocessor modules used in monitoring and control systems. The paper considers the construction of a vector model for the implementation of a simplified preliminary assessment. For the functioning of the model it is necessary to use expert knowledge about the signs of various emergency situations. Operational and experimental data identifying such situations are also involved. The developed method of calculation is quite simple and can be performed in the microprocessor module in the background. The technique allows to implement predictive assessment in real time, which is important for the effective operation of the module as part of a distributed moni-toring system. It also supports the generation of commands on the elimination and prevention of emergency situations. To implement the predictive assessment of the state of the object, an approach to determining the parameter of the tech-nical object using a simplified version of the smoothing predictive cubic spline is considered. The calculations use a uniform time grid. The synthesis of the algo-rithm for determining the coefficients of the cubic spline is performed. A compar-ison of the effectiveness of different forecasting models option from the stand-point of possibility of their implementation in microprocessor-based module. The prediction accuracy was compared using the proposed model of smoothing spline and models of smoothing time series of zero, first and second order. The predic-tion results show that the absolute error of prediction of the parameter of the studied models is comparable in magnitude. The spline error does not have such sharp bursts that are present when using time series models. However, the com-putational complexity of the prediction algorithm when using a smoothing spline is much higher than in the case of time series. The developed model and method-ology can be used for operational monitoring and control of the object in real time.

The noncontact monitoring of soils from airborne is actual now. The using of simulation instead of field-tests is justified due to heavy expenses . Many methods are known for accurate or approximate calculations of electromagnetic fields (EMF), that scattered by multilayered structures. However, there has not been developed a generic approach up to now, for fast engineering calculation of radar signal parameters, reflected by layered structures with irregularities and rough boundaries in far field. In this paper a flexible simulation model is produced. The model is capable of impulse response computation for scattering from multilayered surface with irregularities. The object is not concentrated and incident wave is not plane in conditions of small distances. Therefore principles, acceptable for far field problem, can not be used fot near field.

The developed model based on boundaries facet representation of space distributed multilayered object. The facet is presented by impedance triangle with known scattering parameters. Resulting EMF is calculated by summarizing of partial fields scattering on triangle facet taking in account phases and polarization of incident electromagnetic wave. The model is based on high-frequency method, and it provides high speed of computations for large area aims having any layers number and the boundaries roughness.

The paper deals with results, obtained by model: normalized RSC for one-layer structure with rough surface for different average width of layer; verification by normalized RSC for two-layer structure; attenuation influence on RSC for two-layer structure; RSC for two-layer structure with rough surfaces.

Practical issues of solving the problems of improving the quality and efficiency of aerial spraying as an essential element of the production of aerial-chemical works using computer simulation methods of its processes are considered in the report. The description of the formed software complex of aerial spraying modeling and the main results of its approbation taking into account the experimental data are presented.

Extended accounting of the aircraft parameters and flight modes when performing treatments, evaporation and crushing of drops of multi-component working fluids, technological aspects of protective spraying and a significant increase in the information content of the calculated parameters of liquid deposition to assess the level of efficiency of treatments are the features of the soft ware package.

Some characteristic calculated data modeling the formation of vortex track and field inductive velocity behind the aircraft during spraying, the trajectories of the working fluid drops, liquid deposition waves on the treated area with different technological parameters of its application and integral indicators of quality and efficiency of treatments are presented in the article. The developed software package makes it possible to carry out multifactorial and multivariate assessment of aerial spraying, to identify its significant patterns and to form the necessary practical recommendations for the production of aerial– chemical works and improve their safety, quality and efficiency.

The article contains materials on research of ultrasonic methods for spraying liquid media. To date, the spraying methods used in practice are hydraulic, pneumatic, mechanical, electrostat-ic, and various combined methods. However, these methods have several disadvantages that limit their use in some areas, for example, the large heterogeneity of the resulting aerosol, the use of additional air flows or an additional spraying agent, high energy intensity. Certain difficulties arise in the implementation of spraying the liquids with high viscosity. Taking the above into ac-count, a design is proposed for the purpose of spraying acoustic devices that generate ultrasonic vibrations that allow the aerosol to be produced from a liquid using acoustic oscillations of the sonic or ultrasonic range. A number of technological advantages of ultrasonic spraying methods are disclosed, and methods for supplying acoustic energy to the sputtering zone are specified.Different methods of spraying are considered both in terms of productivity and dispersion of the final product. Discussed are the differences in the design of these devices. A detailed analysis of theories related to spraying at the micro level is given. Covered issues related to the mathematical modeling of these types of devices, the correct choice of algorithms for design. The illustrations show the results of mathematical modeling and manufacturing devices, as well as mathematical theories that contributed to the development of these developments. A number of the most efficient devices are shown schematically, which, based on the results of mathematical modeling, are made in the form of mock-ups and have shown interesting electrophysical results.

This article discusses the creation of a radar scene for the subsequent modeling of a synthetic aperture radar. The complexity of the development of radar requires the creation of models of radar systems for testing signal processing algorithms. The main difficulty in simulating the reflection of a signal from the underlying surface is the high computational complexity associated with the large number of facets that are exposed to the radar. Reducing the cost of computation can be achieved by optimizing data processing, excluding non-illuminated facets from computation, while transferring computations to graphics processors. The purpose of the article is to create a method for generating variants of the radar scene, to create a method for generating target object simulators, to perform signal processing modeling, taking into account only illuminated facets in the carrier movement process and the implementation of radar image generation. In this work, optical satellite images of the terrain were used to create a radar scene, the brightness of each pixel of which is converted to the radar cross section (RCS) values. When calculating the reflected signal, the antenna pattern was taken into account, which made it possible to reduce the calculations time up to 26% (depending on the scene configuration). The developed model uses the MATLAB environment. This article shows a comparison of performance without exception and with the exclusion of illuminated facets for different radar scenes. Using the model with this radar scene allows you to assess the impact of system parameters to the output radar image.

One of the main indicators of the avionics quality is reliability. Unlike other system indica-tors, real reliability is revealed and realized only during operation and full-scale tests. Avionics has a high potential reliability, so it is advisable to use stress testing. The reliability model, formed according to the accelerated tests, is characterized by masking the true mechanisms of failures, the emergence of new reasons of failures that do not occur at nominal levels of influencing factors. The paper proposes the following models and methods for assessing the reliability of avionics on the basis of statistical data of stress-tests: in the form of Markov approximation of parameter changes; model of reliability approximation by deviation characteristics of the trajectories of the parameters values; model of additive approximation of parameter values by symmetric distribu-tions (contributions); model of limited volume data interpolation in the basis of finite polynomials. Thus, the purpose of the work is to develop alternative models that implement the physical and statistical method of measuring the avionics reliability characteristics in real-time of integrated tests on the basis of the applied theory of random functions deviation and the statistics theory of samples of critically limited volume.

The purpose of the work is to clarify the model of the hydraulic object and to develop a sys-tem for controlling the level of liquid in it under conditions of non-stationary perturbations. First of all, such perturbations include ship pitching, taking into account its working mechanisms vibra-tions. In literature, the model of the hydraulic object control on the basis of fluid level calculation, as a rule, is presented in the form of the product of the inertial element and the element of the transport delay. However, this model does not accurately reflect the behavior of the real hydraulicobject. As a result of a more in-depth study of the behavior of such an object in the process of its identification, it was proposed to replace the element of transport delay with a set of inertial ele-ments, which significantly changed its transfer function. The calculation of the parameters of the transfer function of the object was performed by solving the corresponding system of nonlinear equations in the Editor/MATLAB package. The studies of the developed model of the object showed its efficiency in the presence of non-stationary perturbations, and, as a result, allowed to simplify its control system while maintaining the required level of quality. Experimentally, using the MATLAB/SIMULINK package, it was proved that the necessary characteristics have a control device built on the basis of a PI-controller with a Smith predictor installed in the feedback. Verifi-cation of the results, which presented in the article, was carried out in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment using the PIL approach and the test Board of the developer of digital control systems with a pre-installed 32-bit microcontroller with Cortex M4 core. At the same time, it is indicated, that in the process of the experiment, the designed digital control system functioned with the re-quired quality. That PIL implementation provided the necessary level of system integration and interaction with the analog model of the hydraulic object. Moreover, this nature of the system operation was maintained both at the time of its activation and in the steady-state mode of its op-eration, providing finding the values of the controlled variables at a given level within the speci-fied confidence interval of the error (no more than ±2 % of the liquid required level in the hydrau-lic object when modeling sea waves up to 6 points inclusive)

The work is devoted to modern digital radio communication systems. In particular, the formation of radio signals for digital radio communications is considered. The shaper of radio signals is based on a phase automatic system with a programmable digital frequency divider. The method of forming radio signals is indirect. In the considered phase automatic system, a pulse-phase detector having a piecewise linear characteristic with a frequency equal to 2π is used as a sensitive element. As part of the phase system, low-frequency ladder-type filters are used, providing the necessary suppression of the control voltage pulsations of the pulse-phase detector with frequent clocking of processes in the phase circuit. The use of such filters allows to obtain a wider bandwidth of the phase circuit, which will allow to weaken the own fluctuations of the frequency (phase) of the controlled oscillator and significantly weaken the discrete spectral components grouped in the vicinity of the carrier frequency of the generated signal.

The analysis of processes in a nonlinear phase automatic system with large initial detuning in frequency is carried out. It is shown that in a phase contour with a limited control resource under the conditions mentioned, cyclic motion may occur, which corresponds to the self-oscillation mode.

As a limiting condition for the implementation of the synthesis control of the phase automatic system, a digital distinction has been proposed for the sign of the frequency error. When using such a sign discriminator, the decision on the sign of the frequency error is made at the moments of time when the operating point on the characteristic of the pulse-phase detector overcomes the discontinuity point of its characteristics. and the control signal provides a change in the sign of the frequency error. Repeated tripping of the sign discriminator ensures that the phase loop is turned on and the required control mode is established. An experimental study of the phase automatic system, controlled by it in accordance with the synthesized control law, has been carried out. The experiment showed the efficiency of the proposed phase automatic system.

The purpose of this work is to study the peculiarities of the plasma welding process for analyzing the existence of relationships between process parameters. The goal of the research is to provide statistical data for establishing relationships between the main parameters of plasma welding. Knowledge of these dependencies is necessary for the synthesis of a hybrid controller for the automatic process control system for plasma welding. The fuzzy component of the hybrid regulator can be created based on the formalization of expert knowledge. Expert knowledge will be obtained on the basis of a study of the dependencies between the main parameters of plasma welding. To achieve this goal, experiments were carried out and dependencies in the form of a coupling between the current strength and the heat content of the filler and base metal were obtained, and the dependence of the effective efficiency of the power source on the plasma welding mode was studied. A brief analytical review of well-known works. The results of the analysis showed that the actual direction of the development of welding process control systems is the use of hybrid regulators, as a symbiosis of the classical regulator created using the methods of the theory of automatic control and a fuzzy regulator based on the formalization of expert knowledge. To study the relationship of current strength and heat content of the filler and base metal, the parameters of the plasma welding mode in the form of current, arc length, wire diameter are determined. For the experiments applied to the installation of calorimetry. As a result of the experiments, the effect of the plasma arc current, the diameter of the filler wire, the diameter of the nozzle, the distance from the wire to the product, the angle of wire insertion into the plasma and the melting point was investigated. The heat content of the base metal and the weld metal is investigated. As a result of the experiments, the average temperature of the bath during welding without filler wire for different welding speeds was obtained. Applying a calorimeter with a “dry” vessel in an installation for plasma welding in CO2 with a filler wire, the efficiency of the power source was evaluated.

The paper presents the results of theoretical studies of the self-organization processes of nanoscale metal droplets obtained by the droplet epitaxy method in an In/GaAs (001) system on substrates with predetermined structural inhomogeneities using Monte Carlo simulation. At the same time, the shape and geometrical characteristics of the specified grooves, as well as the distance between them (density), were varied. The processes of nucleation and growth of droplet nanostructures on structured GaAs surfaces were considered taking into account the main control parameters of the droplet epitaxy technique. The calculation results showed that on substrates with complex morphology the probability of island nucleation is distributed non-uniformly and depends on the surface area. The study showed that in order to improve the accuracy of positioning of nanostructures and their homogeneity, triangular-shaped grooves with large aspect ratios of geometric dimensions are most preferred. The use of modified surfaces allows to govern the size and density of self-organizing nanostructures, providing the possibility of obtaining laterally related quantum-size structures.

Our paper presents the results of the study of phase formation processes in the Ga-As-ZnO system, taking into account the peculiarities of GaAs molecular beam epitaxy, with the aim of studying the possibility of using thin ZnO films to initiate self-catalytic growth of GaAs nanowires. The results of calculations of double and triple phase diagrams possible in the system under consideration in specified temperature and pressure ranges are presented. The analysis of possible intermediate and final products of the reactions of interaction between components in the system under consideration. The equations of the main and intermediate chemical reactions occurring in the system are determined and compiled. The temperature dependences of changes in the Gibbs free energy ΔG(T) are calculated for the main and intermediate reactions between the main components of the system under consideration: crystalline GaAs (substrate), atomic (molecular) Ga and As fluxes from the vapor phase, and amorphous (polycrystalline) ZnO films on the substrate surface. It is shown that ZnO films behave like GaAs native oxide, however, they have a higher temperature stability. It was also shown that, under the conditions of epitaxy, GaAs can react not only with crystalline GaAs substrates, but also with growth components, including to form volatile compounds. Dominance modes of this type reactions are established.

В данной работе представлена технология получения графеновых пленок на поверхности SiC с использованием комбинации методов фокусированных ионных пучков и плазмохимического травления в фторсодержащей среде. Для формирования наноразмерных структур с боковыми размерами 280 нм использовался метод фокусированных ионных пучков. Наноразмерные структуры были сформированы на поверхности карбида кремния ионным пучком. Для этой цели использовали растровый электронный микроскоп с ионной колонкой Nova NanoLab 600 (компания FEI, Нидерланды). Рабочий вакуум при экспонировании пучков поддерживался на уровне 1 ÷ 2×10^-4 Па. Впоследствии был помещен в рабочую камеру. В камере структуры на карбиде кремния обрабатывались во фторидной плазме. Глубина структур составляла 900 нм. SF₆ использовался для травления атомарного приповерхностного слоя. Режимы обработки структуры при плазмохимическом травлении следующее
P_R = 2 Па, потоки газа N_Ar = 70 см³/мин, N_SF6 = 15 см³/мин, мощность емкостного источника плазмы составляла W_RIE = 20 В, мощность источника индуктивно-связанной плазмы W_ICP = 300 В. Время травления 1 минута. Анализ АСМ-изображений показывает, что диаметр структур составляет 0,87 ± 0,15 мкм. Исследование топологии поверхности на каждой итерации проводилось с помощью сканирующей электронной микроскопии. Электрические характеристики были измерены с помощью атомно-силовой микроскопии. Показано, что увеличение напряжения с 5 до 20 В приводит к увеличению тока с 0,15 ± 0,03 нА до 6,3 ± 0,4 нА, а увеличение электрического поля с 60 до 180 МВ/см приводит к увеличению плотности тока с 96,32 ± 8,81 А/см². Полученные зависимости показывают, что структуры, образованные комбинацией методов фокусированных ионных пучков и плазмохимического травления, могут иметь автоэмиссионные характеристики.

Electrode material influence on the effect of resistive switching in Ti/TiO₂/upper electrode structure was investigated. It was shown, that using Pt as the top contact reduces the power consumption of the Ti/TiO₂/upper electrode structure by 54.71 times compared to TiN, and reduces the power consumption by 63.66 times compared to C. The dependence of the titanium oxide nanoscale structures resistance on the number of switching at a single point, and the dependence of resistance on the number of points on the titanium oxide nanoscale structures surface are plotted. Analysis of the obtained results showed that for all materials of the top contact, when studying the effect of resistive switching at different points compared to the study at the single point, the HRS confidence interval increased by 9.87 %, in LRS by 40.08 % for Pt, HRS confidence interval increased by 27.67 %, LRS by 30.43% for TiN, HRS confidence interval increased by 19.04 %, LRS by 46.65 % for C. An array of 16 resistive memory elements based on titanium oxide nanoscale structures was fabricated and investigated. The switching currents I_SET = 20 nA, the voltage U_SET = + 2.13 ± 0.15 V, and the voltage U_RES = ‑2.93 ± 0.47 V are determined. The dependence of the memory element resistance on the switching number, and the dependence of the resistance on the element number are plotted. HRS was shown to be 10.28 ± 1.84 GΩ, LRS ‑ 0.06 ± 0.02 GΩ. The HRS/LRS ratio of the manufactured resistive memory elements was 171. The obtained results can be used in the development of technological processes for the formation of resistive memory elements using probe nanotechnologies.

Application research of magnetron sputtering method, method of plasma-chemical etching and plasma-chemical thin films finishing of nichrome, tantalum and RS – 3710 was described. These films are used as resistive structures in microwave attenuators. Development of technology for the creation of microwave attenuators using ion - plasma technologies, the evaluation of the advantages and prospects for the use of these technologies is aim of the work. This paper compares the properties of resistive ma-terials (RS - 3710, nichrome and tantalum). Technological modes of applying resistive films by magne-tron sputtering, modes of plasma-chemical etching and modes of plasma-chemical finishing of the ob-tained resistive structures were developed. The thickness of the resulting resistive films was 10–120 nm. The surface resistance of these films was in the range of 90–100 Ohm/□. Plasma chemical etching of resistive films was carried out in inductively coupled argon and difluorodichloromethane plasma. A photoresist film of FP - 9120 - 1 thickness up to 2 microns was used as a protective mask in the process of plasma chemical trawling. Photoresist mask was removed in the oxygen plasma after the etching process. Measurements were made of the operating parameters of attenuators manufactured using ion-plasma technology. Differences working parameters depending on the material of resistive structures. The obtained data allow to speak about the prospects of using ion-plasma technologies in the produc-tion of microwave attenuators. The obtained data allow us to talk about the prospects of using ion – plasma technologies in the production of microwave attenuators. The obtained data allow to speak about the prospects of using ion-plasma technologies in the production of microwave attenuators.

Unmanned aerial vehicles are increasingly used in various fields of human activity. One of the problems that exist while creating of unmanned helicopters is the choice of parameters of the rotor system, which should have a low mass and able to withstand all types of loads. Accordingly, the purpose of the presented work is the development of an effective helicopter rotor system. Within this article, the main objective is to determine the most optimal number of layers in composite material of the main rotor in accordance with the airworthiness standards of the АP-27/29 / CS-LURS. To solve this problem was considered force direction and loads values of the blade and the composite material layers. In the paper composite blade design of experimental helicopter “Shmel” was depicted, and initial data, that was used for calculation, was defined. Main blade parameters with various loading was determined and tabulated. Force distribution scheme on the blade section was depicted. Calculated tension dependence with relative radius of blade section was calculated and depicted. Tensions in separate layers of blade spar was defined. Composite material was analyzed and ratio, which characterize tension and durability of material mutual influence, was determined. Number of layers quantity ratio, which was directed at a certain angle in the pack with the layers total amount was presented. Dependence Tsai-Wu criterion on layers part having nonlinear location for multi-layered blade pack was depicted. With the result, the most optimal correlation of layers number, which directed at a certain angle, was carried out.

Coaxial helicopter, UAV, preliminary design, manual calculation, rotor blade, composite material.

Development of new and improvement of known luminescent materials for modern devices and devices of optoelectronics and Photonics is an important task. With the development of laser technology increases the need for sources of infrared radiation, which are used in medicine, geolocation, communication systems. Most of the known infrared phosphors based on orthophos-phates, oxysulfides, fluorides emit in the range of 900-1600 nm. Therefore, it is important to search for new fluorescent structures emitting in the range with a wavelength of more than 1600 nm. Perovskite-like alkaline earth metal stannates CaSnO3 and Ca2SnO4 are promising materials for the synthesis of new infrared phosphors on their basis. This work is devoted to the study of infrared luminescence of compounds with the General formula (Ca1-x-y-zYbxEryHoz)2SnO4 emitting in the region of 1960-2100 nm, as well as to the study of the influence of zinc impurities on their lumi-nescent properties. The ultimate goal of the research is the comparison of the intensity of the lumi-nescence of structures on the basis of stannat Ca2SnO4 before the phosphors on the basis of CaSnO3, using the same activator composition and methods of synthesis. The paper presents the results of x-ray phase and spectral analysis of samples. The conclusions about the efficiency of the use of luminophores (Ca1-x-y-zYbxEryHoz)2SnO4 for the generation of fluorescent radiation with a wavelength of 2000 nm. It was found that at a zinc concentration of 0.5 atomic fractions, the lumi-nescence intensity of the sample (Ca0,923Yb0,05Er0,02Ho0,007)2(Sn1-хZnх)O4 in the 1960-2100 nm band reaches a maximum.